The evolution of the World Wide Web - WWW

Introduction

World Wide Web (WWW) is the system of interlinked hypertext documents containing text, images, audio, video, animation and more. You can view and navigate through these documents using hyperlinks or navigation elements that refer to another document or section of the same document. In a broader sense than "The World Wide Web is the universe of network-accessible information, a form of human knowledge."

History of the World Wide Web

WWW was proposed in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau while working at CERN, the European Council for Nuclear Research. Both came out with their proposal for the individual systems, hypertext and later joined and offered a joint proposal. The term "World Wide Web" was introduced in the joint proposal. The history of each invention has many pre-history. Similarly, the World Wide Web also has many pre-historic progressive development of Internet protocols and hypertext system that made possible the WWW. The gradual development began in early 1945 with the development of Memex, a device based on microfilm for storing huge amount of documents and facilitate the organization of such documents. Later, in 1968, "Hypertext" was introduced, which made the connection and organizing documents fairly easy. In 1972 DARPA (Defense Advance Research Project Agency), initiated a project that connects all the research centers to facilitate the exchange of data which subsequently adopted for the exchange of military information. In 1979, SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) was invented to enable sharing of documents for a large government project, separating content from presentation and thereby allowing the same document must be made in different ways. In 1989 Tim Berners-Lee came out with the network as a hypertext system at CERN Laboratory. In 1990, a joint proposal for the system Hyper Text was presented and the term "World Wide Web" introduced. In 1992 the first portable browser was released by CERN, and that he had collected the industry's interest in the development of the Internet. Web is now so popular and has grown to be so invaded our lives, it becomes almost impossible to imagine the world without the web.

Web Evolution - what and how?

Each technology has some distinct features and characteristics. Similarly web has certain characteristics, such as data, services, canteen-up, API, the social platform and more. These characteristics are continuously evolving and progressively in stages, with improvements in quality than the existing one. Evolution of the Web has been classified and advertised with some fancy marketing terms like "Web 1.0", "Web 2.0", "Social Web", "Web 3.0", "Pragmatic Semantic Web", "pragmatic web" and many others.

Yihong Ding, PhD candidate at Brigham Young University, in his article "The evolution of the Web", explained the development of Web analogy in comparison with human growth. Yihong Ding said: "The relationship between web pages and their webmaster is similar to the relationship between children and their parents. So how parents educate their children, the webmaster to maintain and update web pages. Children have their human normal stages of development, such as the infant stage, preschoolers, elementary-school theater, teen internships, and so on. By analogy, the web has its generations, such as Web 1.0, Web 2.0, etc. . "

Together with the technological advancement of web design also changed during the period of time. Initial design was simple hypertext read-only system, which allowed users to read information. User was only a display of what is presented on the web. Gradually add pictures and charts the evolution of HTML and web browsers, which allowed a better design. Development of tools for editing, authoring tools and web content management tools enable designers to start creating visually appealing web site design layout. In the next phase of development, web design changed with the change in terms of usability and attention is diverted on users rather than the content of the site. Interaction with the user and applied social feel to web design. Now, the user is not just a viewer. The user can drive the net with feedback, information sharing, assessment and personalization. Gradually we got the mix of mature function, form, content and interaction, called Read / Write Web Continuing this evolution, the meaning is added to the information presented on the web so that representatives of online virtual human may be able to read and interpret the information presented. This type of website where user agent imitating human behavior, can read and understand the information using artificial intelligence is called the semantic web.

Web 1. 0 (Read Only Web)

World Wide Web has evolved in stages. First stop was the base system "Read Only" hypertext also referred to as Web 1.0 since the hype of Web 2.0. In fact in the original model proposed Web, Tim Berners-Lee envisaged the web as Read / Write Model with HTTP PUT and DELETE HTTP method. These methods have been almost never used only for safety reasons.

Some of the characteristics of Web 1.0

1. In Web 1.0 web master is constantly engaged with management responsibility for the content and keeps the users updated. Most of the hyperlinks to the content are assigned manually by the web master.

2. Web 1.0 does not support the mass-publishing. The content of this site is published by the web master and then not have the collective intelligence of users.

3. Web 1.0 uses the basic hyper text markup language for publishing content on the internet.

4. 1.0 Web pages do not support machine-readable content. Only a human being that web readers are able to understand the content.

5. Web 1.0 provides the contact information (email, phone, fax or address) for communications. Users must use the offline world for further communication with this contact information.

6. In Web 1.0, web pages are designed to react instinctively according to the programmed condition. Specific result or response is generated when the condition is met scheduled. Model of Web 1.0 does not understand and can not provide remote request for the potential demand response in advance. To clearly understand the above characteristics of Web 1.0, Yihong Ding in his article on "Evolution of the World Wide Web" is analogically related to World of Web 1.0 with the world of a newborn.

Baby: I parents

Web-1.0 Page: Webmasters

Babies: Look at me, but I will not explain

Web-1.0 Page: Humans understand, machines do not

Baby Girl: talk to my parents if you want to discuss about me

Web-1.0 Page: contact information (email, phone, fax, address, ...)

Baby: I decide who my parents are my friends. Actually, I do not care

Web-1.0 Page: web links manually specified

Babies: Hug me, I smile, I hit, I cried (conditioned reflex)

Web-1.0 Page: reactive functions on web pages

Source: Article by Analogy by Yihong Ding from http://www.deg.byu.edu/ding/WebEvolution/evolution-review.html # W1: 1 "The web pages are only 1.0 children.

Web 2. 0 (Read Write Web)

"Web 2.0 is the understanding that the network is the platform and the network are the roles of platform for the business is different. And the key role is user adds value. And understand how the database built and things will improve so that more people and use that is the secret of Web 2.0.

Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the transition to the Internet as platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform. "[4]

In the Web 2.0 idea of ​​the consumers (users) and producer (Web Master) melts. Web 2.o is more about communication and user interactions. Web 2.0 is all participation. "Content is King" is often mentioned during the quote at the beginning of the Web 1.0 days, is now transformed into "You are the King" in Web 2.0. Web 2.0 users communicate via social networking sites blogs, wikis and social. Everything is labeled on the web, to facilitate quick and easy navigation. Web 2.0 is about combining everything into one page using AJAX and tagging with a better experience on a lot of white space, and a cleaner layout. API allows programmers the ability to mash up data feeds and databases to cross reference information from multiple sources into a single page. In contrast to Web 1.0, Web 2.0 has the collective intelligence of millions of users.

Web 2.0 is all about improved version of the World Wide Web with the changing role and the changing business model in which users have learned to communicate with other users instead of just communicating with the publishers of the content.

Some of the characteristics of Web 2.0

1. Web 2.0 is the second version of the Web to provide RIA (Rich Internet Application), bringing the desktop experience as "Drag and Drop" on the web page in the browser.

2. SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) is the key piece of Web 2.0. Passwords are feeds around SOA, RSS, web services and mash, that defines how Web 2.0 applications expose functionality so that other applications can leverage and integrate these capabilities by providing much richer set of applications.

3. Web 2.0 is the social web. Web 2.0 application tends to interact more with the end user. End users are not only users of the application, but even if the participants by tagging content, whether it be contributing to the wiki or do a podcast for blogging. Due to the nature of social users of the final application is the part range of the data for the application, proving feedback and allowing to exploit the application that the user intends to use it.

4. In the Web 2.0 philosophy and strategy is that "The Web is open." The content is available to be moved and edited by any user. Website content is not controlled by people who have made the website, but the user who is using the website.

5. In Web 2.0 data is the driving force. Users spend much more time and started generating content in their downtime. Web 2.0 requires some of the key technologies used in developing web pages. One of the most important technologies is AJAX, which supports the development of rich user experience.

6. Web 2.0 websites typically include some of the following key technologies.

- RSS (Really Simple Syndication), which allows users to syndicate, aggregate and set notification data using feeds.

- Mashups, which allows you to combine content from different sources, enabling new forms of information reuse through the public interface or API.

- Wikis and forums to support user-generated content.

- Tagging, which allows users to specify and attach human readable password to the web resource.

- AJAX - Asynchronous JavaScript and XML, which is a web development technique, allowing exchange of interactive data behind the scenes without reloading the webpage.

To clearly understand the characteristics of the above Web 2.0, Yihong Ding in his article on "Evolution of the World Wide Web" is analogically related to World of Web 2.0 with the world of a Pre-School Kid.

Pre-School Kid: I parents

Web-2.0 page: Webmaster (blog owners)

Pre-School Kid: I teach parents the knowledge (though often not well organized)

Web Page-2.0: Tagging

Pre-School Kid: I understand but perhaps inaccurate and unfair

Web-2.0 Page: Folksonomy

Pre-School Kid: I can provide and deliver messages, especially for my parents

Web Page-2.0: Technology Blogging

Pre-School Kid: Who are my friends is mainly determined by the social activities of my parents and their teaching

Web-2.0 Page: Social Network

Pre-School Kid: multiple of us can be coordinated to do something that goes beyond the individual capabilities

Web Page-2.0: Web widgets, mashups

Pre-School Kid: I can make assumptions based on my communications with friends

Web Page-2.0: Collective intelligence

The following table tell the difference between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0

Web 1.0 is about: Reading

Web 2.0 is about: read / write

Web 1.0 is about: Publishing

Web 2.0 is about: Comments, Reviews, customization

Web 1.0 is about: connecting content with hyperlinks

Web 2.0 is about: Mashups

Web 1.0 is about: Companies

Web 2.0 is about: CommunityCommunity

Web 1.0 is about: Client-Server

Web 2.0 is: Peer to Peer

Web 1.0 is about: HTML

Web 2.0 is about: XML

Web 1.0 is here: Home Pages

Web 2.0 is about: blogs and wikis

Web 1.0 is here: Portals

Web 2.0 is about: RSS

Web 1.0 is about: Taxonomy

Web 2.0 is about Tags:

Web 1.0 is about: Owning

Web 2.0 is about: sharing

Web 1.0 is about: Web form

Web 2.0 is about: Web Application

Web 1.0 is about: Hardware Cost

Web 2.0 is about: Bandwidth Cost

Web 3. 0 (Semantic Web)

Web is no longer connected and the encoding of information and resources. With the advent of the concept of semantic web, special information is linked to resources or information so that the machine can understand and read just like human.

Timer Berner Lee provided

"I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web -. Content, links and transactions between people and computers A 'Semantic Web', which should make this possible, is still to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. people The 'intelligent agents' have touted for years finally materialize. "

Semantic Web has drawn from his vision of the Web as a universal medium for exchanging data, information and knowledge. Web 3.0 or semantic web is a stage of development where the executable dynamic Web applications provide interactive services and facilitates interaction machine to machine. Tim Berner Lee further stated

"People keep asking what Web 3.0 is I think maybe when you've got an overlay of scalable vector graphics -. All waving and folding and looking misty - on Web 2.0 and access to a semantic Web integrated across a huge space of data, you 'll have access to an unbelievable data resource. "Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web in which web content is expressed in machine-readable language, not only in the language of nature, so that the interpreters they can not read, process and understand the content by using artificial intelligence that mimics human behavior. In other words, the Semantic Web is an extension of the web where content can be expressed independently processed by intelligent software agents.

There may be many agents can be programmed in the context of the vocabulary of the vertical domain.

For example

"Travel Agent", who continue to look for airline tickets chipset based on the criteria and notify you when get the perfect one.

"Personal Shopper Agent", which continues to search for the specific product on eBay and get it for you once it finds that match all the criteria.

Similarly we have "Real Estate Agent", "Personal Financial Advisor Agent" and many others.

All users are doing is just creating your own personal agent who talks to web services that are publicly exposed and not taking care of a lot of repetitive tasks.

Web 3.0 = Just Every human being + + Each device all the information

Features of Semantic Web

1. Unlike web-based database, the database Semantic Web is not centralized.

2. Semantic Web is the open system in which the pattern is not fixed since it could use any arbitrary data source.

3. Semantic Web requires the use of Meta Description Languages, such as Web Ontology Language and Resource Description Framework (RDF). Annotation requires much time and effort.

Web # 0 - Looking Ahead

Let me add one more element to the above formula

Every human being Web 3.0 = + + Each device = Everything all the information in the context of the current technological progress.

Web 3.0 is still evolving and you're going to understand everything. You can not imagine anything beyond Web 3.0 to the advancement of current technology.

Breaking all the current technological capacity Raymond Kurzweil, inventor of OCR (Optical Character Reader) envisioned Web 4.0 as a Web operating system with intelligent user agents that act in parallel to the human brain. Figure below shows the evolution of the Web along with the advancement in technology and the semantics of social connections. Source: Nova Spivack & Radar Networks

Conclusion

The evolution of the Web has gone through phases of this Article and have introduced many technologies and concepts in different areas such as software, communications, hardware, marketing, advertising, content sharing, advertising, finance and many others.

In a sense, the World Wide Web has changed the way people were used to look at things before. I believe that this development never ends and moving towards excellence.

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